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Solitary Extramedullary Plasmacytoma of the Trachea: A Case Report

Received: 30 December 2015     Accepted: 29 February 2016     Published: 5 May 2016
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Abstract

The extramedullary plasmacytomas is a plasma cell tumour arising outside the bone marrow and constitutes around 4 % of all plasma cell neoplasms. The Extramedullary Plasmacytoma of the Trachea (EPT) is an extremely rare condition and presents as a tracheal expanding mass. The most common symptoms consist of coughing, dyspnoea, voice change, stridor and expiratory wheezing. The diagnosis is done by computed tomography, bronchoscopy and histological examination which demonstrates neoplastic monoclonal plasma cells expressing specific antigens. The treatment of the EPT remains still speculative, current options are radiotherapy or surgery alone and surgery followed by radiotherapy. The adjuvant chemotherapy is considered only in case of relapse or systemic spread. The prognosis is comforting: the complete remission occurs in 60 % of cases, the recurrence in 22 %, the progression to multiple myeloma in 16 %. We report the case of a 51-year-old female affected by EPT and treated with the removal of the first four tracheal rings and subsequent PAD chemotherapy (bortezomib, adriamycin and dexamethasone). Although the stage of the tumour was early, we decided to administer chemotherapy conceiving it as a preventive systemic treatment.

Published in International Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery (Volume 2, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijcts.20160201.12
Page(s) 5-8
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2016. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Tracheal Tumours, Tracheal Resection, Extramedullary Plasmacytoma, Airway Obstruction

References
[1] Sukumaran R, Nair RA, Jacob PM, Koshy SM, Mathew AP. Extramedullary plasmacytoma of the trachea. Head Neck Pathol. 2014 Jun; 8(2): 220-4. doi: 10.1007/s12105-013-0491-7. Epub 2013 Sep 18.
[2] Garelli M, Righini C, Faure C, Jankowski A, Brambilla C, Ferretti GR. Imaging of a case of extramedullary solitary plasmacytoma of the trachea. Case Rep Radiol.2011; 2011: 687203. doi: 10.1155/2011/687203. Epub 2011 Sep 22.
[3] Rai SP, Kumar R, Bharadwaj R, Panda BN. Solitary tracheal plasmacytoma. Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci. 2003 Oct-Dec; 45(4): 269-72.
[4] Kober SJ. “Solitary plasmacytoma of the carina,” Thorax, vol. 34, no. 4, pp. 567–568, 1979.
[5] Lomeo PE, McDonald JE, Finneman J. Shoreline. Extramedullary plasmacytoma of nasal sinus cavities. Am J Otolaryngol. 2007; 28: 50–1.
[6] Zimmer W, Deluca SA. Primary tracheal neoplasms: Recognition, diagnosis and evaluation. Am Fam Physician 1992; 45: 2651-67.
[7] Ferretti GR, Bithigoffer C, Righini CA, Arbib F, Lantuejoul S, Jankowski A. “Imaging of tumors of the trachea and central bronchi,” Thoracic Surgery Clinics, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 31–45, 2010.
[8] Wise JN, Schaefer RF, Read RC. “Primary pulmonary plasmacytoma: as case report,” Chest, vol. 120, no. 4, pp. 1405–1407, 2001.
[9] Rutherford K, Parsons S, Cordes S. Extramedullary plasmacytoma of the larynx in an adolescent: a case report and review of the literature.Ear Nose Throat J. 2009 Feb; 88(2): E1-7.
[10] Hill QA, Rawstron AC, de Tute RM, Owen RG. Outcome prediction in plasmacytoma of bone: a risk model utilizing bone marrow flow cytometry and light-chain analysis. Blood. 2014 Aug 21; 124(8): 1296-9.
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  • APA Style

    Antonello Cuttitta, Antonio Tancredi, Roberto Scaramuzzi, Antonietta Falcone, Gerardo Scaramuzzi, et al. (2016). Solitary Extramedullary Plasmacytoma of the Trachea: A Case Report. International Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, 2(1), 5-8. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcts.20160201.12

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    ACS Style

    Antonello Cuttitta; Antonio Tancredi; Roberto Scaramuzzi; Antonietta Falcone; Gerardo Scaramuzzi, et al. Solitary Extramedullary Plasmacytoma of the Trachea: A Case Report. Int. J. Cardiovasc. Thorac. Surg. 2016, 2(1), 5-8. doi: 10.11648/j.ijcts.20160201.12

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    AMA Style

    Antonello Cuttitta, Antonio Tancredi, Roberto Scaramuzzi, Antonietta Falcone, Gerardo Scaramuzzi, et al. Solitary Extramedullary Plasmacytoma of the Trachea: A Case Report. Int J Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 2016;2(1):5-8. doi: 10.11648/j.ijcts.20160201.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijcts.20160201.12,
      author = {Antonello Cuttitta and Antonio Tancredi and Roberto Scaramuzzi and Antonietta Falcone and Gerardo Scaramuzzi and Marco Taurchini},
      title = {Solitary Extramedullary Plasmacytoma of the Trachea: A Case Report},
      journal = {International Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery},
      volume = {2},
      number = {1},
      pages = {5-8},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijcts.20160201.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcts.20160201.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijcts.20160201.12},
      abstract = {The extramedullary plasmacytomas is a plasma cell tumour arising outside the bone marrow and constitutes around 4 % of all plasma cell neoplasms. The Extramedullary Plasmacytoma of the Trachea (EPT) is an extremely rare condition and presents as a tracheal expanding mass. The most common symptoms consist of coughing, dyspnoea, voice change, stridor and expiratory wheezing. The diagnosis is done by computed tomography, bronchoscopy and histological examination which demonstrates neoplastic monoclonal plasma cells expressing specific antigens. The treatment of the EPT remains still speculative, current options are radiotherapy or surgery alone and surgery followed by radiotherapy. The adjuvant chemotherapy is considered only in case of relapse or systemic spread. The prognosis is comforting: the complete remission occurs in 60 % of cases, the recurrence in 22 %, the progression to multiple myeloma in 16 %. We report the case of a 51-year-old female affected by EPT and treated with the removal of the first four tracheal rings and subsequent PAD chemotherapy (bortezomib, adriamycin and dexamethasone). Although the stage of the tumour was early, we decided to administer chemotherapy conceiving it as a preventive systemic treatment.},
     year = {2016}
    }
    

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    AU  - Antonello Cuttitta
    AU  - Antonio Tancredi
    AU  - Roberto Scaramuzzi
    AU  - Antonietta Falcone
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    DO  - 10.11648/j.ijcts.20160201.12
    T2  - International Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery
    JF  - International Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery
    JO  - International Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery
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    EP  - 8
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2575-4882
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    AB  - The extramedullary plasmacytomas is a plasma cell tumour arising outside the bone marrow and constitutes around 4 % of all plasma cell neoplasms. The Extramedullary Plasmacytoma of the Trachea (EPT) is an extremely rare condition and presents as a tracheal expanding mass. The most common symptoms consist of coughing, dyspnoea, voice change, stridor and expiratory wheezing. The diagnosis is done by computed tomography, bronchoscopy and histological examination which demonstrates neoplastic monoclonal plasma cells expressing specific antigens. The treatment of the EPT remains still speculative, current options are radiotherapy or surgery alone and surgery followed by radiotherapy. The adjuvant chemotherapy is considered only in case of relapse or systemic spread. The prognosis is comforting: the complete remission occurs in 60 % of cases, the recurrence in 22 %, the progression to multiple myeloma in 16 %. We report the case of a 51-year-old female affected by EPT and treated with the removal of the first four tracheal rings and subsequent PAD chemotherapy (bortezomib, adriamycin and dexamethasone). Although the stage of the tumour was early, we decided to administer chemotherapy conceiving it as a preventive systemic treatment.
    VL  - 2
    IS  - 1
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Author Information
  • IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza” Hospital, Unit of General Surgery 2nd and Thoracic Surgery, Viale Cappuccini 1, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy

  • Azienda Sanitaria Locale di Foggia, “San Camillo De Lellis” Hospital, Unit of General Surgery, Via Isonzo, Manfredonia, Foggia, Italy

  • Second University of Naples, Unit of Thoracic Surgery, Piazza Miraglia 2, Naples, NA, Italy

  • IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza” Hospital, Unit of Haematology, Viale Cappuccini 1, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy

  • IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza” Hospital, Unit of General Surgery 2nd and Thoracic Surgery, Viale Cappuccini 1, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy

  • IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza” Hospital, Unit of General Surgery 2nd and Thoracic Surgery, Viale Cappuccini 1, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy

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